Fiscal 2020 Universal Registration Document

ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES AND POLICIES

The Group recognizes a lease liability at the date on which the underlying asset is made available for use. The lease liability is measured at the net present value of lease payments to be made over the lease term.

Lease payments

The lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise:

• fixed rents (including minimum guarantee fee to be paid in accordance with concession agreements), less any lease incentive receivable from the lessor;
• variable rents that depend on an index or a rate;
• in-substance fixed payments.

Payments expected to be made to the lessor at the termination of the contract are also included (relatively rare in practice within the Group), such as:

• residual value guarantees;
• exercise price of a purchase option, when its exercise is reasonably certain; and
• termination penalties payable to the lessor, when the exercise of a termination option is reasonably certain.

Variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or a rate (notably, rents or commissions based on turnover) remain recognized in operating expenses when incurred. In addition, the Group elected to exclude, where applicable, non-lease components of the contract in the measurement of the lease liability (for example, vehicle maintenance services). Consequently, payments in relation with service components of the lease contracts are recorded in operating expenses, in the same way as variable lease payments.

Lease term

The lease term is assessed for each lease as the non-cancellable period of the contract, adjusted to reflect periods covered by an option to extend the lease that the Group is reasonably certain to exercise, and periods covered by an option to terminate the lease that the Group is reasonably certain not to exercise.

The legal environment and market practices specific to each country are also considered in assessing the lease term. This applies in particular to open-ended leases, for which enforceable period is determined in light of circumstances specific to each situation. In assessing the enforceable period of each contract, the Group determines whether it would incur a penalty on termination that is more than insignificant, taking into account various relevant indicators (indemnities arising from contractual obligations and economic penalties based on operational criteria, in accordance with the clarifications provided by IFRS IC). In the specific case of French commercial property leases (also referred to as “3/6/9 leases”), the assessment is made on a case-by-case basis, that may lead to consider an enforceable period that is beyond the residual length of the initial 9-year term in some instances.

Discount rate

The discount rate used is generally the lessee incremental borrowing rate, as the rate implicit in the lease cannot be readily determined for most of the contracts. The incremental borrowing rate is calculated using the following parameters: risk-free rate of the relevant currency, duration of the lease, credit spread of the subsidiary concerned.

Subsequently, the lease liability is recognized at amortized cost using the effective interest method and is remeasured after the commencement date to reflect changes arising from:

• any modification of the lease term, reflecting a contractual modification or a reassessment of the probability of an extension or termination option being exercised;
• any changes in rent amount, resulting for example from a change in an index or a rate used to determine lease payments;
• any reassessment of the probability of a purchase option being exercised;
• any other contractual modification, such as the scope of the underlying asset.